:root{--sidenote-w:13.5rem;--sidenote-gap:2rem}.dossier{border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule-strong);font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.45 var(--font-sans);margin:0;display:none}.dossier>div{gap:var(--space-2xs);padding-block:var(--space-2xs);border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule);grid-template-columns:5.5rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.dossier dt{color:var(--color-text-muted)}.dossier dd{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;margin:0}@media (width>=64rem){.dossier{margin-right:var(--space-m);display:block}.post-header .post-kicker,.blog-meta-mobile{display:none}}.post-header .meta-line{margin-top:var(--space-m)}.page-grid>.post-cover{margin-top:var(--space-xl)}.post-cover img{border:1px solid var(--color-rule);width:100%;height:auto;display:block}.page-grid>.post-brief{margin-top:var(--space-xl)}.brief-label{margin:0 0 var(--space-s);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);font-feature-settings:"case" 1;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--color-accent)}.key-points-list{gap:var(--space-s) var(--gutter);counter-reset:kp;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.key-points-list li{max-width:var(--measure);counter-increment:kp;font:400 var(--fs-md) / 1.45 var(--font-serif);grid-template-columns:2rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.key-points-list li:before{content:counter(kp, decimal-leading-zero);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-accent);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;padding-top:.2rem}@media (width>=64rem){.brief-label{padding-top:.25rem}}@media (width>=80rem){.key-points-list{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.key-points-list li{padding-top:var(--space-2xs);border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule);display:block}.key-points-list li:before{padding:0 0 var(--space-3xs);display:block}}.page-grid>.post-toc-mobile{margin-top:var(--space-xl);display:block}.post-toc-mobile>summary{min-height:44px;padding-block:var(--space-2xs);border-block:1px solid var(--color-rule);font:600 var(--fs-ui) / 1.3 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-accent);cursor:pointer;grid-column:1/-1;align-items:center;list-style:none;display:flex}.post-toc-mobile>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.post-toc-mobile>summary:before{content:"";border-bottom:1.5px solid;border-right:1.5px solid;width:6px;height:6px;margin-right:.75rem;display:inline-block;transform:rotate(-45deg)}.post-toc-mobile[open]>summary:before{transform:rotate(45deg)translate(-2px,-2px)}.post-toc-mobile nav{padding-block:var(--space-s);border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule)}.post-toc-mobile .toc-list a{align-items:center;gap:.35em;min-height:44px;padding-block:.25rem;display:flex}.post-toc-mobile .toc-fig-n{flex:none}.toc-list,.toc-figs{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.toc-list a{border-left:2px solid var(--color-rule);font:500 var(--fs-sm) / 1.35 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted);padding:.5rem 0 .5rem .75rem;text-decoration:none;display:block}.toc-list a:hover{border-left-color:var(--color-border);color:var(--color-text)}.toc-list a[aria-current]{border-left-color:var(--color-accent);color:var(--color-text)}.toc-figs a{padding-block:.3rem;font-size:var(--fs-label);padding-left:1.5rem;font-weight:400}.toc-fig-n{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;font-weight:600}.with-margin>.post-rail{display:none}.post-toc-head{margin:0 0 var(--space-2xs);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--color-text-muted)}.post-toc-top{margin:var(--space-s) 0 0;font:500 var(--fs-sm) / 1.4 var(--font-sans)}.post-toc-top a{align-items:center;min-height:44px;display:inline-flex}@media (width>=64rem){.page-grid>.post-toc-mobile{display:none}.with-margin>.post-rail{align-self:stretch;display:block}.post-toc{top:var(--space-m);max-height:calc(100dvh - 2 * var(--space-m));padding-right:var(--space-m);overscroll-behavior:contain;position:sticky;overflow-y:auto}}.page-grid>.post-layout{margin-top:var(--space-xl)}.post-flow>.post-chunk{max-width:none}.post-flow>.post-chunk>*,.post-flow>.fig--text{max-width:var(--measure)}.post-chunk>h2{margin-top:var(--space-xl);padding-top:var(--space-s);border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule)}.post-chunk:first-child>:first-child{margin-top:0}.post-chunk>h2:first-child{margin-top:var(--space-xl)}.post-flow>.post-chunk:first-child>h2:first-child{margin-top:0}.note-ref{line-height:0}.note-ref a{font:600 .75rem / 1 var(--font-sans);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;padding-inline:.15em;text-decoration:none;position:relative}.note-ref a:after,.note-back:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:-14px -12px}.sidenote{display:none}@media screen and (width>=80rem){.sidenote{float:right;clear:right;width:var(--sidenote-w);margin:.3rem calc(-1 * (var(--sidenote-w) + var(--sidenote-gap))) var(--space-s) 0;padding-top:var(--space-3xs);border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule);font:400 var(--fs-label) / 1.45 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted);display:block;position:relative}.sidenote-n{font:600 .75rem / 1 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-accent);margin-right:.25rem}.post-flow>.fig--wide{clear:right}}.post-notes{clear:both;max-width:var(--measure);margin-top:var(--space-xl);padding-top:var(--space-s);border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule);font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.5 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted)}.post-notes-head{margin:0 0 var(--space-xs);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.post-notes ol{margin:0;padding-left:1.5em}.post-notes li+li{margin-top:var(--space-2xs)}.post-notes p{margin:0}.note-back{text-decoration:none;position:relative}.callout{max-width:var(--measure);margin:var(--space-l) 0;padding:var(--space-xs) var(--space-s);border-left:2px solid var(--color-accent);background:var(--color-muted-bg);font:400 var(--fs-ui) / 1.55 var(--font-sans)}.callout p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.callout--caveat{border-left-color:var(--viz-2)}.callout--definition{border:1px solid var(--color-rule);border-left:2px solid var(--color-accent);background:0 0}.callout-label{margin:0 0 var(--space-3xs);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--color-accent)}.prose blockquote.pull-quote{max-width:34rem;margin:var(--space-xl) 0;padding:var(--space-s) 0;border-left:0;border-top:2px solid var(--color-accent);border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-rule);font:italic 400 var(--fs-xl) / 1.3 var(--font-serif);text-wrap:balance}.pull-quote p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.post-refs{font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.5 var(--font-sans)}.prose .post-refs{padding-left:1.5em}.prose .post-refs li::marker{color:var(--color-text-muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.fig{margin:var(--space-xl) 0}.fig-head{padding-top:var(--space-2xs);border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule-strong)}.fig-label{margin:0 0 var(--space-3xs);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.25rem .5rem;display:flex}.fig-kind{border:1px solid var(--color-border);color:var(--color-text-muted);padding:0 .375rem;font-weight:500}.fig[data-kind=data] .fig-kind:not(.fig-kind--interactive){border-color:var(--color-accent);color:var(--color-accent)}.fig[data-kind=illustrative] .fig-kind:not(.fig-kind--interactive){border-style:dashed}.fig-kind--interactive{background:var(--color-muted-bg);color:var(--color-text);border-color:#0000}.fig-title{max-width:40rem;font:600 var(--fs-lg) / 1.3 var(--font-serif);text-wrap:balance;margin:0}.fig-hint{max-width:var(--measure);margin:var(--space-3xs) 0 0;font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.45 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted)}.fig-body{margin:var(--space-s) -4px 0;font-family:var(--font-sans);padding-inline:4px;overflow-x:clip;container:fig/inline-size}.fig-caption{max-width:var(--measure);margin-top:var(--space-s);font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.5 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted)}.fig-caption>p{margin:0 0 var(--space-2xs)}.fig-caption b,.fig-caption strong{color:var(--color-text);font-weight:600}.fig-num{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.fig-source{color:var(--color-text-subtle)}.fig-source a{color:inherit;text-decoration-color:var(--color-border)}.fig-table summary,.fig-enlarge{align-items:center;min-height:44px;font-weight:500;display:inline-flex}.fig-table summary{color:var(--color-accent);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-line);text-underline-offset:.2em;cursor:pointer;list-style:none}.fig-table summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.fig-table summary:before{content:"";border-bottom:1.5px solid;border-right:1.5px solid;width:6px;height:6px;margin-right:.625rem;display:inline-block;transform:rotate(-45deg)}.fig-table[open]>summary:before{transform:rotate(45deg)translate(-2px,-2px)}.fig-table .scroll-region{margin-top:var(--space-2xs)}.fig-table .data-table td:first-child{font-weight:500}@media (width<=39.99rem){.fig-table .data-table th,.fig-table .data-table td{padding-right:.625rem}}.fig-body p,.fig-body ul,.fig-body ol{margin-top:0}.fig--photo .fig-media{margin:0}.fig--photo img{border:1px solid var(--color-rule);width:100%;height:auto;margin:0;display:block}.fig--photo:not(.fig--gallery) .fig-media img{cursor:zoom-in}.fig--plate .fig-media{padding:var(--space-s);border:1px solid var(--color-rule);background:var(--color-plate)}.fig--plate img{filter:var(--plate-img-filter);border:0}.fig--gallery .fig-media{gap:var(--space-2xs);grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(100%,14rem),1fr));display:grid}.fig--gallery:not(.fig--plate) img{aspect-ratio:4/3;object-fit:cover}.fig-media-link{cursor:zoom-in;display:block}.fig--photo .fig-caption{margin-top:var(--space-2xs)}.photo-credit{color:var(--color-text-subtle)}.fig-enlarge{margin-left:.25rem}html:not(.js) .ex-live,html.js .ex-static{display:none}@container fig (width>=36rem){.ex-split{gap:var(--space-m);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(0,1fr);align-items:start;display:grid}}.ex-controls{align-items:end;gap:var(--space-s) var(--space-m);margin-bottom:var(--space-s);flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.range{justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:0 var(--space-s);width:100%;max-width:28rem;font:500 var(--fs-sm) / 1.4 var(--font-sans);flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.range label{flex:9rem}.range input{width:100%;min-height:44px;accent-color:var(--color-accent);flex:1 0 100%;margin:0}.range output{font:600 var(--fs-sm) / 1.3 var(--font-sans);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;flex:0 auto}.range-ends{font:400 var(--fs-label) / 1.3 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted);flex:1 0 100%;justify-content:space-between;margin:-.25rem 0 0;display:flex}.segmented-field{border:0;min-width:0;margin:0;padding:0}.segmented-legend{margin-bottom:var(--space-3xs);font:500 var(--fs-sm) / 1.4 var(--font-sans);padding:0}.fig .segmented label{font-size:var(--fs-sm);flex:auto;justify-content:center}.fig .segmented{max-width:30rem}.stepper-panel{margin-top:var(--space-s);padding:var(--space-s);border:1px solid var(--color-rule);background:var(--color-surface)}@container fig (width<=41.99rem){.stepper-panel{z-index:2;position:sticky;bottom:0;box-shadow:0 -6px 12px -8px #00000040}}.stepper-count{margin:0 0 var(--space-3xs);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.stepper-title{font:600 var(--fs-md) / 1.35 var(--font-serif);margin:0}.stepper-text{margin-top:var(--space-3xs);font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.5 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted)}.stepper-text p{margin:0}.stepper-nav{gap:var(--space-2xs);margin-top:var(--space-s);flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.stepper-steps{display:grid}.stepper-steps>.stepper-step{grid-area:1/1}html.js .stepper-step[hidden]{visibility:hidden;display:block}.stepper-nav button[aria-disabled=true]{opacity:.45;cursor:default}.stepper-list{margin:var(--space-s) 0 0;font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.5 var(--font-sans);padding-left:1.4em}.stepper-list li+li{margin-top:var(--space-2xs)}[data-active-step] [data-step-el]{transition:opacity .16s var(--ease-out)}[data-active-step] [data-step-el]:not(.is-on){opacity:.4}.viz-bars{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.35 var(--font-sans)}.viz-bars th,.viz-bars td{vertical-align:middle;border:0;padding:.3125rem 0}.viz-bars th[scope=row]{width:38%;padding-right:var(--space-xs);text-align:left;font-weight:500}.viz-bars .bar-td{width:auto}.viz-bars .bar{width:max(2px, calc(var(--v) * 100%));background:var(--viz-ink);height:.75rem;display:block}.viz-bars .bar-value{width:1%;padding-left:var(--space-2xs);white-space:nowrap;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;text-align:left}.viz-bars tr.is-highlight .bar{background:var(--viz-2)}.viz-bars tr.is-highlight th{font-weight:600}.viz-bars .bar-group{padding-top:var(--space-s);font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--color-text-muted);text-align:left}@media (width>=40rem){.viz-bars th[scope=row]{width:30%}}.lc{font:400 var(--fs-label) / 1.3 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text-muted)}.lc-legend{gap:var(--space-3xs) var(--space-m);margin:0 0 var(--space-xs);color:var(--color-text);flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.lc-legend li{align-items:center;gap:.5rem;display:inline-flex}.lc-key{border-top:2px solid var(--viz-ink);width:1.25rem;height:0;display:inline-block}.lc-key.dash{border-top-style:dashed}.lc-key--band{background:var(--viz-wash);outline:1px solid var(--viz-1);outline-offset:-1px;border:0;height:.625rem}.lc-ylabel,.lc-xlabel{margin:0}.lc-xlabel{margin-top:var(--space-3xs);text-align:center}.lc-frame{grid-template-rows:auto auto;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:.5rem;margin-top:.5rem;padding-right:.5rem;display:grid}.lc-yticks{min-width:2.5rem;position:relative}.lc-yticks span{white-space:nowrap;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;position:absolute;right:0;transform:translateY(-50%)}.lc-plot{border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-border);border-left:1px solid var(--color-border);width:100%;position:relative}.lc-plot svg{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;inset:0;overflow:visible}.lc-grid{stroke:var(--viz-grid);stroke-width:1px;vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke}.lc-band{fill:var(--viz-wash);stroke:var(--viz-1);stroke-width:1px;vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke}.lc-line{fill:none;stroke-width:2px;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-linecap:round;vector-effect:non-scaling-stroke}.lc-line.dash{stroke-dasharray:5 4}.tone-ink{stroke:var(--viz-ink);border-color:var(--viz-ink);--tone:var(--viz-ink)}.tone-v1{stroke:var(--viz-1);border-color:var(--viz-1);--tone:var(--viz-1)}.tone-v2{stroke:var(--viz-2);border-color:var(--viz-2);--tone:var(--viz-2)}.tone-v3{stroke:var(--viz-3);border-color:var(--viz-3);--tone:var(--viz-3)}.tone-context{stroke:var(--viz-context);border-color:var(--viz-context);--tone:var(--viz-context)}.lc-xticks{grid-column:2;height:1.5rem;position:relative}.lc-xticks span{white-space:nowrap;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;position:absolute;top:.25rem;transform:translate(-50%)}.lc-xticks span:first-child{transform:none}.lc-xticks span:last-child{transform:translate(-100%)}.lc-marker{border:2px solid var(--color-bg);background:var(--viz-2);border-radius:50%;width:10px;height:10px;margin:-5px 0 0 -5px;position:absolute}.lc-marker-label{white-space:nowrap;color:var(--color-text);font-weight:600;position:absolute;bottom:calc(100% + 4px);left:50%;transform:translate(-50%)}.lc-cursor{border-left:1px dashed var(--color-border);pointer-events:none;width:0;position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0}.lc-dot{background:var(--tone,var(--viz-ink));pointer-events:none;border-radius:50%;width:8px;height:8px;margin:-4px 0 0 -4px;position:absolute}.lc-plot[tabindex]:focus-visible{outline-offset:4px}.lc-readout{min-height:1.5em;margin:var(--space-2xs) 0 0;font:500 var(--fs-sm) / 1.4 var(--font-sans);color:var(--color-text);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.fig .fig-stats{margin-top:0}@container fig (width>=36rem){.fig .fig-stats{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}}.page-grid>.post-end{padding-top:var(--space-m);border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule-strong)}.post-end-part+.post-end-part{margin-top:var(--space-xl)}.post-end .subhead:first-child{margin-top:0}.post-end-projects{max-width:var(--measure);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.cite-line{max-width:var(--measure);font:400 var(--fs-sm) / 1.55 var(--font-sans);overflow-wrap:anywhere;margin:0}.cite-details{margin-top:var(--space-2xs)}.post-pager{gap:var(--space-s);margin-top:var(--space-xl);padding-top:var(--space-s);border-top:1px solid var(--color-rule);display:grid}.post-pager-link{padding-block:var(--space-2xs);text-decoration:none;display:block}.post-pager-dir{font:600 var(--fs-label) / 1.25rem var(--font-sans);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--color-text-muted);display:block}.post-pager-title{font:500 var(--fs-lg) / 1.3 var(--font-serif);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--color-link-line);text-underline-offset:.2em}@media (width>=40rem){.post-pager{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.post-pager-next{text-align:right;grid-column:2}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.toc-list a,.post-card-media{transition:color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out), border-color var(--dur-fast) var(--ease-out)}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){[data-active-step] [data-step-el]{transition:none}}@media (forced-colors:active){.viz-bars .bar,.lc-dot,.lc-marker{forced-color-adjust:none;background:canvastext}.viz-bars tr.is-highlight .bar{background:highlight}.lc-line,.lc-grid{stroke:canvastext}.fig-kind{border-color:canvastext}}@media print{.post-rail,.post-toc-mobile,.fig-table,.fig-hint,.fig-enlarge,.sidenote,.stepper-panel,.ex-live,.post-pager,.cite-details,.lc-readout,.lc-cursor,.lc-dot,.fig-kind--interactive{display:none!important}html.js .ex-static,html.js .no-js-only{display:block!important}.post-flow>*{max-width:none!important}.fig,.callout{break-inside:avoid}.viz-bars .bar,.fig svg{-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;print-color-adjust:exact}.fig--photo img{width:auto;max-height:120mm}.post-refs a[href^=http]:after{content:" " attr(href)}}